A Rare Case of Sinonasal Carcinoma-Olfactory Neuroblastoma

Abstract

INTRODUCTION

Over the past decade, the pathology of un differentiated sinonasal malignancies has undergone extensive study, leading to significant advancements in the depiction and histopathological classification of various entities. These entities are now recognized as subsets of "sinonasal undifferentiated carcinomas (SNUC)" and poorly differentiated unclassified carcinomas. Typically, these malignancies are detected at later stages, by which time they have often invaded the facial and cranial regions. Olfactory neuroblastoma, which arises from the olfactory neuroepithelium with neuroblastic immature differentiation, is one such malignancy.

CASE REPORT

We present a case involving a left-sided nasal mass with blood-tinged discharge that obscured the nasal cavity. Previous biopsies had been inconclusive. Imaging revealed a large heterogeneous mass with bone erosions and extension into the intraorbital and intracranial regions. The patient underwent an endoscopic nasal biopsy.

 CONCLUSION

Olfactory Neuroblastoma is a rare ,highly malignant, often have a long history before diagnosis. Treatment utilises a combination of surgery, external beam radiation, and chemotherapy modalities. Immunohistochemistry plays a crucial role in establishing a definitive diagnosis.